Here limiting reagent is aniline; hence yield should be calculated from its amount taken. Theoretical yield: 1. Therefore, X g acetanilide. Acetanilide was synthesized and the percentage yield was found to be……….. Therefore, synthesis of benziemidazole Salicylic acid interacts First freshly Production of alcohol from sugarcane Punit Tripathi. Bacterial growth curve cultivation of anaerobs Suman Kumar Mekap.
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All rights reserved. Toggle navigation. At room temperature, aniline is a yellowish brown liquid. It is an oily liquid with a pungent odor. Aniline is a planar molecule. It is a weak base due to the presence of a lone pair on the nitrogen atom.
Aniline is industrially produced via catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. When producing aniline, nitrobenzene is first produced from benzene nitration using a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid at o C. Then nitrobenzene is hydrogenated in the presence of a metal catalyst.
Figure 1: Aniline Production from Nitrobenzene. The reaction between ammonia and chlorobenzene is another method for the production of aniline. The reaction is as follows. Here, specific temperature and pressure conditions are required. Figure 2: Aniline Production from Chlorobenzene. Since aniline is a weak base, it can form salts from the reactions between aniline and mineral acids. In the acidic medium, diazonium salts can be produced from aniline by the reaction between aniline and nitrous acid.
Diazonium salts are very important components for many dye productions. Aniline: Aniline is an aromatic amine; a —NH 2 group is attached to the benzene ring. Aniline: Aniline has several industrial applications. It is used to prepare other chemical substances such as photographic and agricultural chemicals, polymers and in dye industry and rubber industry.
In addition, it is also used as a solvent and an antiknock compound for gasoline. It is also used as a precursor in manufacturing penicillin. Acetanilide: Acetanilide is mainly used as an inhibitor of peroxides and as a stabilizer for cellulose ester varnishes. Also, it is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of rubber accelerators, dyes and dye intermediate and camphor.
In addition, it is used as a precursor in penicillin synthesis and other pharmaceuticals including painkillers. It has a much weaker base comparing to the aliphatic amines due to the electron withdrawing effect on the benzene ring. Organic compounds not only contain carbon and hydrogen, but also certain other elements such as: oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen, and halogens.
These are regarded as the derivatives of hydrocarbon. Urea was the first organic compound to be prepared in the laboratory, which was by synthesised chance. It was prepared by Friedrich Wohler, a German chemist in the year Wohler synthesised urea from an inorganic compound, ammonium cyanate.
Organic synthesis is a method of preparation of organic compounds. It is concerned with the preparation of organic compounds through organic reactions. Acetanilide is prepared from aniline by acetylating it with acetic anhydride in the presence of glacial acetic acid. Aniline or phenylamine is a primary amine with molecular formula C 6 H 5 NH 2. It is basic in nature.
Acetic anhydride is an anhydride of acetic acid and acts as a source of acyl group. Aniline reacts with acetic anhydride by nucleophilic substitution reaction. The reaction between aniline and acetic anhydride is called acetylation.
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